Improvement in machines foe planing metals



@uitrit tetra @anni @Hita WILLIAM MCPHEBSON, `or NEW YORK, N. Y.

Letters .Patent No. 70,876, dated .Zll'ovember 12, 1867.

@its 'Stimuli afina tu in tlgalhttas @anni mit mating part t tige ann.

TO ALL WHOM ITl MAY CONCERN: A

Be it known that I, WILLIAM McPHERSoN, oi' the city and county of New York, and State of New York,

have invented vcertain new and useful'Improvements in Compound Planers; and I do hereby declare the *foil lowing is a full and enact descriptionthereoi.

My invention relates to means for planing transverselyof the ltable, and to arrangements in connection therewith for planing down at angles, and for strengthening the framing of the machine. A

' Theaccompanying drawings forma part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a side view ofthe planer entire.

Figure 2 is a view from below.

Figure 3 represents some of the details disconnected from the other parts.

Similar letters o f reference indicate like parts inl all the figures.

The tints are 'employed merely to distinguish parts, and do'not indicate material. The material may be all iron and steel, as usual. The provisions for planing in the ordinary manner are of the usual character, and need no description. I

A is a supplementary tool-box fronting at right anglesA to the ways, and adapted to cut at right angles thereto on being properly reciprocated in that direction. It is provided with ordinary adjustments for raising and lowering on the carriage, and the carriage is adapted to be raised and lowered between wide limits, and to receive power from the ordinary driving-pulley, and to communicate to the lcarriagea reciprocating motion across the planer, in a manner which will be readily understood by mechanics fromthe drawings, with the aid of the following references and description. It will be understood that the'table W, on which the piece to be planed is securedfmnst stand at rest during the period while each stroke of the cross-planing is being effected. It will be held in many cases suiciently by gravity and friction. Additional holding-bolts may be employed at will, as will bc obvious. B is the hinged part which carries the tool. ais the adjusting-screw by which the entire tool-holder is raised and lowered; and C is a long carriage, on which the tool-holder maybe adjusted by means of the screws b. This adjustment is useful in-both transverse planing and ordinary longitudinal planing, and being of the ordinary character, needs no detailed description. The carriage C is mounted in dovetailed slides, so as to move crosswise of the machine in the support D, which is adjusted up and down by means of screws b', and connecting gearat the top, as usual. The stout uprights E, on which the support D is raised and lowered, may 'be adjusted either in the upright position represented, or at various oblique angles, by liberat ing the holdingfscrews E', whichstandin the curved slots represented. When these uprights are liberated they are -free to be turned on the centre e into the desired position, and they are thenagain firmly secured by tightening the screws E', Gr isa long and well-made screw, having a large thread, and mounted in ixed bearings, so that it may rotate without moving,and 'will simply give a traversing motion to the nut, or equivalent threaded socket C', which is made in two parts, and is fixed on the slide C. This screw is turnedA alternately in opposite directions, and traverses the carriage C and its connections, including the cutting-tool A, across the machine to an .extent which is regulated by the position of the dogson the top. l The' arrangement in relation to these dogs is the same as in the corresponding parts of the ordinary traversing motion for longitudinal trav ersing, and need not be represented or described in minute detail. When the tool A has traversed across the piece to be plancd, the mechanismat the top changes t-he direction of the rotation of the screw G, and induces a returning motion ofthe tool A and its connections, and when it has returned quite across'the piece, and the tool has assumed its proper position for making the next stroke, and been fed forward by .the feeding mechanism, to be described below, the'motion ofthe screw G is again reversed, and the tool is carried slowly andstrongly fora ward to make another cut. The proper motion is communicated to the screw G, at whatever height the tool A and its connections may be set, by' a train of gring, as follows:

H I J are pulleys which receive the driving-belt, notreprcsented. I is a loose pulley. The pulley H is fast on th'eshaft L, which extends across the machine, andis movable'in slots in the framing, being carried in arms K on theshaft 7c.' A partial rotation of this shaft ktmoves the entireshaft h and its connections bodily forward .or backward in the machine for purposes which will presently appear. vIn the position represented, the spur-gear wheel H1, fined on the shaft la, meshes into the spur-gear wheel L fixed on the shaft Z. This shaft mais 2 l Z carries another spur-gear wheel, L', which is the means of 'communicating (through the train of gearing above) the return motion to the tool A. A.The direct motion of the tool A is communicated fromthe pulley J. This pulley is fixed on the sleeve y', which surrounds the shaft h and carries the spur-gear wheel J'.. This wheel J meshes into the spur-gear wheel M, which thus receives the motion for the direct `movement or cutting movement of the cutter A, while it will be' observed it also receives, at the proper times from the wheel L', the proper motion for the return traverse of the same cutter. The wheel M is fixed on the short sleeve m, which carries bovel-gear wheel M. This meshes into the bevel-gear Wheel N on the upright shaft n. vThis upright shaft n is splined or grooved'longitudinally in the same manner as the drill-spindle of the common machinists common upright drill. The spline carries the feather n', which compels it to give a corresponding rotation to the movable bevel-gear wheel N', which may thus operate at any height on the shaft n. Thclwheel N' rests on the arm D', which is fixed' on the movable support D. Thus it is carried up and down with the adjustment of the latter. Thebevel-gear Wheel N' meshes into the bevel-gear wheel O, which latter gives a.corresponding rotation to the bevel-gear wheel O, mounted on the same sleeve, and this latter (the bevel-gear wheel 0') meshes directly into the bevelgcar wheel G fixed on the screw G, before described. This arrangement of mechanism communicates thevproper motion to the screw- G, and consequently to the transverse cutter A, whether the latter be mounted hifzh or low, and whether the uprights E be adjusted mathematically` upright or inclined at any angle. It will he observed that the centre of motion of the adjustable uprights E is formed by large bosses on the fixed framing, and is coincident with the centre of the sleeve m. The rod which slides the belt-shipper, passes through the centre of the sleeve m, and is operated by a mechanism connecting it with `the dogs before referred to. When the shaft 7i and its several important adjuncts aremoved by the partial turning of the shaft 7c, the wheels Hl and J' are moved out of gear with the wheels L and M, and no longer communicate motion to the transverse planing-tool A. A little further turning of the shaft c causes the wheel H2, which is `fixed on the shaft L, to gear with the wheel P1, and also causes the wheel J to gear into the wheel Q. With this adjustment of the motions, the table W will be traversed, and the ordinary planing-tool, not represented, will be operated. My machine has all the necessary appliances (they principal of which are here represented) for operating theV planertable W in the ordinarymanner, and operating the planer-tool in the ordinary manner for planing longitudinally.

The belt, when running on the pulley H, communicates the motion to the table through the shaft L and the gearwheel H2 to the gear-wheel I, which is fixed on the shaftp which operates the table. When'the belt is running on the pulley Jin this'adjustment, it communicates the return motion to the table through the sleeve j and gear-wheel J' to the gear-wheel Q, and this, through the sleeve q and y gear-wheel Q', communicates the proper reverse motion to the gear-wheel P, which is also fixed on the shaft p. The train of mechanism which communicates the feed motion for the transverse planing, operates by moving the table the proper amount after each cut. In order, therefore, to operate the feed properly, the table must be at liberty to move by the small amount required for this purpose.' The contact of the dogs nt the upper edge of the cross-piece D results in a vertical movement of the bar T. This movement partiallyvrotates the rocking-shaftt, by the aid of the arm T', which extends downward from the shaft t, gives a horizontal motion to the connection U, and thus, by means of the arms V and Vf-mountcd on the rocking-shaft v, gives a transverse motion to the connection X, and the motion of this connection is imparted to the cross-bar X. T his cross-bar X' performs two important functions: iirst, of shipping belt by aid of the lever Y turning on the pivot y, which takes hold directly on the belt-shipper Y';v and second, of operating the feed by turning the ratchet-lever Z, and thus giving lmotion to the screw-or worm Z which meshes into thc-wheel I, and thus gives the desired sliding motion to the table W. The above describes the shipping and feed motion for the transverse planing. The shipping motion for ordinary planing, (longitudinal planing,) may bc performed by the same'systcm o'f connections, and the feed motion is obtained by means of the ratchet which operates on the screw b, and which, being of the ordinary character, itis not necessary to describe iu detail. It will of course be understood'that when the machine is used for longitudinal or ordinary planing, the parts Z and Z' must be moved so that the worm Z' shall bc out'of contact with the wheel P. In

order to brace the uprights E very firmly, to resist the strains induced by the cross-cutting action, I extend a` i stout framing, 2, from the side of one of the uprights E, and connect it by a rm hinge, 3, to the extensiom frame 4, which is cast on or otherwise firmly secured to the main frame of the 'machine. The hinge 3 is exactly in line with the Shipper-#rod Y, and with the centres of motion or axis on which the uprights E are adapted to turn.

Some of the advantages due to certain features of my invention'may be separately enumerated as follows:

First. By reason of the fact that my planer is adapted to plane transversely across the table, in addition to all the ordinary functions of the planer, I am able to finish articles of Vvarious sizes and shapes by a planing in two directions to any extent required, with but one adjustment of the piece on the table. A considcrable amount of labor and a great source of inaccuracy are thus avoided, by dispensing with the necessity of twice adjusting the piece upon the table. i

Second. By reason of the fact that my uprights E, carrying the mechanism for the cross-planing, are adjustable as to hold and feed down the tool at various inclinations, I am able to feed down the tool or cutter at any desired angle, operating either by hand, applying the hand to ,the screw 5, or to the shaft 6, on I can by a simple connection of mechanism, not represented, communicate an automatic feed 'motion to the shaft G if desired. I believe that'oblique planing, in combination with cross-planing in this manner, is not possible with any previously known mechanism. p i y Third. By reason ofmy stout framing 2, 3, and 4, having the hinge 3 in theline of the axis of the inclination of the uprights E, as described, I am able to better resist the strains due to the transverse planing, without lwrenching or springing thevniachine, and without interfering with or requiring a. separate adjustment toallow -the adaptation of a brace to any inclination at which the uprights E mayhe set. fr( Having thus fully .described my invention, what I claini as new', and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

as follows: v I claim the cross-traversing screw G, or its equivalent, and driving-gear, as herein specified, so arranged to the cross-cutting tool in a planing machine as to operate relatively to the cutting tool A, and table W, substantially in the` manner'and for the purposeherein specified. l

2. I claim, in combination with 'the longitudinal and transverse feeding mechanism of the planer, the ad) ustable nprights EIE, arranged to operate substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3. I'elaim the hinged braces 2 and 4, in line with the axis of and in combination with the adjustable inclined nprights E, and bed of the planer, substantiallyns and for the purposes herein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two witnesses. l i

WILLIAM MCPIIERSON.

Witnesses:

T. D. S'rn'rseN, WM.- Dm'ln. 

